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Standards

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StandardsOct 2025RFC Editor

RFC 9881 defines how to use ML-DSA in X.509 certificates (opens the original in a new tab: RFC Editor)

The Standards Track RFC from the IETF LAMPS group specifies algorithm identifiers for ML-DSA-44, -65 and -87 in certificates and CRLs.

Standards18 Sept 2025NIST

NIST publishes SP 800-227, its recommendations for key-encapsulation mechanisms (opens the original in a new tab: NIST)

The final guidance explains how to use KEMs such as ML-KEM securely in protocols, replacing the initial public draft from January 2025.

StandardsMar 2025NIST

NIST selects HQC as a backup key-encapsulation algorithm (opens the original in a new tab: NIST)

HQC, based on error-correcting codes, will back up ML-KEM with different math. NIST plans a draft standard for public comment, then a final version.